使用DBMS_REPAIR修复坏块
1、DBMS_REPAIR包所含的过程
Procedure_Name Description
----------------- ------------------------------------
ADMIN_TABLES Provides administrative functions (create, drop, purge) for repair or orphan key tables.
Note: These tables are always created in the SYS schema.
CHECK_OBJECT Detects and reports corruptions in a table or index
DUMP_ORPHAN_KEYS Reports on index entries that point to rows in corrupt data blocks
FIX_CORRUPT_BLOCKS Marks blocks as software corrupt that have been previously identified as corrupt by the CHECK_OBJECT procedure
REBUILD_FREELISTS Rebuilds the free lists of the object
SEGMENT_FIX_STATUS Provides the capability to fix the corrupted state of a bitmap entry when segment space management is AUTO
SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS When used, ignores blocks marked corrupt during table and index scans.
If not used, you get error ORA-01578 when encountering blocks marked corrupt.
2、DBMS_REPAIR的一些局限性
Tables with LOB data types, nested tables, and varrays are supported, but the out-of-line columns are ignored.
Clusters are supported in the SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS and REBUILD_FREELISTS procedures, but not in the CHECK_OBJECT procedure.
Index-organized tables and LOB indexes are not supported.
The DUMP_ORPHAN_KEYS procedure does not operate on bitmap indexes or function-based indexes.
The DUMP_ORPHAN_KEYS procedure processes keys that are no more than 3,950 bytes long.
3、创建演示环境
[sql]
--当前环境
sys@USBO> select * from v$version where rownum<2;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
--创建表空间
sys@USBO> create tablespace tbs_tmp datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/tbs_tmp.dbf' size 10m autoextend on;
--创建表对象tb_obj及其索引
sys@USBO> create table tb_obj tablespace tbs_tmp as select * from dba_objects;
sys@USBO> create index i_tb_obj on tb_obj(object_id);
--表段上的相关信息
sys@USBO> select segment_name , header_file , header_block,blocks
2 from dba_segments where segment_name ='TB_OBJ';
SEGMENT_NAME HEADER_FILE HEADER_BLOCK BLOCKS
------------------------------ ----------- ------------ ----------
TB_OBJ 6 130 1152
--使用linux自带的dd命令来损坏数据块
[oracle@linux1 ~]$ dd of=/u02/database/usbo/oradata/tbs_tmp.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=131 <<EOF
> Corrupt me!
> EOF
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
12 bytes (12 B) copied, 0.000209854 seconds, 57.2 kB/s
[oracle@linux1 ~]$ dd of=/u02/database/usbo/oradata/tbs_tmp.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=141 <<EOF
> Corrupt me!
> EOF
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
12 bytes (12 B) copied, 0.00019939 seconds, 60.2 kB/s
[oracle@linux1 ~]$ dd of=/u02/database/usbo/oradata/tbs_tmp.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=151 <<EOF
> Corrupt me!
> EOF
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
12 bytes (12 B) copied, 2.1672e-05 seconds, 554 kB/s
sys@USBO> alter system flush buffer_cache;
--下面的查询收到了错误提示
sys@USBO> select count(*) from tb_obj;
select count(*) from tb_obj
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 131)
ORA-01110: data file 6: '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/tbs_tmp.dbf'
4、使用DBMS_REPAIR修复坏块
[sql]
Step a 创建相应的表对象
--使用DBMS_REPAIR.ADMIN_TABLES过程创建一个表对象，用于记录需要被修复的表
sys@USBO> BEGIN
2 DBMS_REPAIR.ADMIN_TABLES (
3 TABLE_NAME => 'REPAIR_TABLE',
4 TABLE_TYPE => dbms_repair.repair_table,
5 ACTION => dbms_repair.create_action,
6 TABLESPACE => 'USERS');
7 END;
8 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
--使用DBMS_REPAIR.ADMIN_TABLES过程创建一个表对象，用于记录在表块损坏后那些孤立索引，也就是指向坏块的那些索引
sys@USBO> BEGIN
2 DBMS_REPAIR.ADMIN_TABLES
3 (
4 TABLE_NAME => 'ORPHAN_KEY_TABLE',
5 TABLE_TYPE => DBMS_REPAIR.ORPHAN_TABLE,
6 ACTION => DBMS_REPAIR.CREATE_ACTION,
7 TABLESPACE => 'USERS'
8 );
9 END;
10 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Step b 校验受损的对象
--使用DBMS_REPAIR.CHECK_OBJECT来检测对象上受损的情形，并返回受损块数
sys@USBO> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
sys@USBO> DECLARE num_corrupt INT;
2 BEGIN
3 num_corrupt := 0;
4 DBMS_REPAIR.CHECK_OBJECT (
5 SCHEMA_NAME => 'SYS',
6 OBJECT_NAME => 'TB_OBJ',
7 REPAIR_TABLE_NAME => 'REPAIR_TABLE',
8 CORRUPT_COUNT => num_corrupt);
9 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('number corrupt: ' || TO_CHAR (num_corrupt));
10 END;
