在C#中实现高性能计时

答案：For performance test, it is very important to measure code execution time. Without measurement, there is no way to tell if we meet performance goal. 

System.Environment.TickCount is not suitable for high resolution timing. Its resolution cannot be less than 500 milliseconds. 

System.Datetime.Now  returns the current time of type DateTime. With start datetime and end datetime, we can get the interval as a value of TimeSpan by (end - start ) . TimeSpan.TotalMilliseconds or TimeSpan.Ticks may be used to read interval. From MSDN, the resolution of System.Datetime.Now  depends on the system timer. 

System Approximate Resolution 
Windows NT 3.5 and later 10 milliseconds 
Windows 98 55 milliseconds 

So it is better but not high resolution at all. 


In .NET framework v1 and v1.1, we have to use P/Invoke to get high resolution reading. The class below is commonly used in performance test measurement. It is querying hardware to get high resolution performance counter. For more information (including what happens if the hardware does not support high resolution performance counter) please check MSDN for QueryPerformanceCounter and QueryPerformanceFrequency.

public class HighResolutionTimer
{
    private long start;
    private long stop;
    private long frequency;

    public HighResolutionTimer()
    {
        QueryPerformanceFrequency (ref frequency);
    }

    public void Start ()
    {
        QueryPerformanceCounter (ref start);
    } 

    public void Stop ()
    {
        QueryPerformanceCounter (ref stop);
    } 

    public float ElapsedTime
    {
        get{
            float elapsed = (((float)(stop - start)) / ((float) frequency));
            return elapsed;
        }
    } 

    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("KERNEL32.dll", CharSet=System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto)]
    private static extern bool QueryPerformanceCounter( [In, Out] ref long performanceCount);
    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("KERNEL32.dll", CharSet=System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto)]
    private static extern bool QueryPerformanceFrequency( [In, Out] ref long frequency);
} 

To illustrate the use of this class, check the code below. 

    HighResolutionTimer timer = new HighResolutionTimer();
    timer.Start(); 
    //Perf Test
    timer.Stop();
    Console.WriteLine(timer.ElapsedTime); 

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