Oracle Data Guard (二) Physical Standby
1. 检查Primary数据库是否是archivelog模式
SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
如果结果不是"ARCHIVELOG"，执行以下命令：
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
2. 检查Primary数据库是否是force logging模式
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
如果结果不是"YES",执行以下命令：
SQL> alter database force logging;
3. 在Primary数据库上创建Standby logfile
SQL> select group#,thread#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;
根据得到的group数目和log大小，为Standby实例创建对应的logfile，默认情况下是三个Group，且每个大小为50M。
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ‘/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sungoin/stby_redo01.log’ size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ‘/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sungoin/stby_redo02.log’ size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ‘/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sungoin/stby_redo03.log’ size 50m;
4. 在Primary数据库上配置Standby相关系统参数
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config=’DG_CONFIG=(test,standby)’;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1=’LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=test’;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2=’service=standby ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILE,PRIMARY_ROLE) db_unique_name=standby’;
SQL> alter system set fal_server=test;
SQL> alter system set fal_client=standby;
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
SQL> alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive;
5. 在Primary服务器上配置易做图和TNS变量
在Primary服务器的易做图中静态注册test实例,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora中:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
)
)
在Primary服务器的TNS中注册test和standby,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora中:
TEST=
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = testdb)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.102)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
6. 在Standby服务器上创建目录结构
在Oracle用户环境下执行下列命令:
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/adump
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/dpdump
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/pfile
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/archivelog/
7. 在Standby服务器上配置易做图和TNS变量
在Standby服务器的易做图中静态注册test实例,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora中:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
)
)
在Standby服务器的TNS中注册sungoin和standby,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora中:
TEST=
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.101)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
8. 在Standby服务器上创建启动文件和密码文件
创建文件/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initsungoin.ora,文件内容如下:
DB_NAME=test
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby
拷贝Primary服务上的密码文件到standby服务器上，命令如下:
scp oracle@192.168.1.101:/home/oracle/app/racle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwtest /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
9. 在Standby服务器上启动standby实例
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup nomount;
10. 在Primary服务器上创建和执行RMAN脚本文件
创建脚本文件dupstby.cmd, 文件内容如下：
run {
allocate channel pri1 type disk;
allocate channel pri2 type disk;
allocate channel prmy4 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel stby type disk;
duplicate target database for standby
from active database
dorecover
spfile
set db_unique_name='standby'
set control_files='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl', '/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/control02.ctl'
set fal_client='test'
set fal_server='standby'
set standby_file_management='AUTO'
set log_archive_config='dg_config=(test,standby)'
set log_archive_dest_1= 'LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/archivelog VALID_FOR= (ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
set log_archive_dest_2='service=test ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILE,PRIMARY_ROLE) db_unique_name=test'
nofilenamecheck;
}
进入rman环境，执行此脚本
$ rman target /
RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/oracle
