C++中的继承、派生

请帮我列出3～5个继承和派生的例子，以便帮我能更好的理解。

答案：c++继承经典例子
#include <iostream.h>
class Base
{
private:
        int b_number;
public:
        Base( ){}
        Base(int i) : b_number (i) { }
        int get_number( ) {return b_number;}
        void print( ) {cout << b_number << endl;}        
};
class Derived : public Base
{
private:
        int d_number;
public:
// constructor, initializer used to initialize the base part of a Derived object.
        Derived( int i, int j ) : Base(i), d_number(j) { };        
        // a new member function that overrides the print( ) function in Base
        void print( ) 
        {
                cout << get_number( ) << " ";        
                // access number through get_number( )
                cout << d_number << endl;
        }
};
int main( )
{
        Base a(2);
        Derived b(3, 4);
        cout << "a is ";
        a.print( );                // print( ) in Base
        cout << "b is ";
        b.print( );                // print( ) in Derived
        cout << "base part of b is "; 
        b.Base::print( );                // print( ) in Base
        return 0;
}

没有虚析构函数，继承类没有析构
//Example:  non- virtual destructors for dynamically allocated objects. 
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
class Thing
{ public:
virtual void what_Am_I( ) {cout << "I am a Thing.\n";}
~Thing(){cout<<"Thing destructor"<<endl;}
};
class Animal : public Thing
{  
public:
virtual void what_Am_I( ) {cout << "I am an Animal.\n";}
~Animal(){cout<<"Animal destructor"<<endl;}
};
void main( )
{
   Thing *t =new Thing;      
   Animal*x = new Animal;
   Thing* array[2];
   array[0] = t;                                // base pointer
   array[1] = x;                
    for (int i=0; i<2; i++)  array->what_Am_I( ) ;
   delete array[0];
   delete array[1];
   return ;
}

纯虚函数，多态 
#include <iostream.h>
#include <math.h>
class Point
{
private:
        double x;
        double y;
public:
        Point(double i, double j) : x(i), y(j) { } 
        void print( ) const
        { cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")"; }
};
class Figure
{
private:
        Point center;
public:
        Figure (double i = 0, double j = 0) : center(i, j) { }         
        
Point& location( )
{
return center;
}                  // return an lvalue
   void move(Point p)
{
center = p;
draw( );
} 
        virtual void draw( ) = 0; // draw the figure
        virtual void rotate(double) = 0; 
// rotate the figure by an angle                
};
class Circle : public Figure
{
private:
        double radius;
public:
        Circle(double i = 0, double j = 0, double r = 0) : Figure(i, j), radius(r) { }
        void draw( )
        {
                cout << "A circle with center ";
                location( ).print( );
                cout << " and radius " << radius << endl;
        }
        void rotate(double)
        {
                cout << "no effect.\n";
        }        // must be defined
};
class Square : public Figure
{
private:
        double side;        // length of the side
        double angle;        // the angle between a side and the x-axis
public:
        Square(double i = 0, double j = 0, double d = 0, double a = 0)        : Figure(i, j), side(d), angle(a) { }
   void draw( )
        {
                cout << "A square with center ";
                location( ).print( );
                cout << " side length " << side << ".\n"  
                << "The angle between one side and the X-axis is " << angle << endl;
        }
        void rotate(double a)
        {
               angle += a;
                cout << "The angle between one side and the X-axis is " << angle << endl;
        }
  &

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