qmail安装历程
作者：webmaster最近公司要开展虚拟主机业务，需要在一台mail服务器上绑定多个域名，于是呢，就想到qmail这位老人家了，照ideal的方法有点问题，就只好去看老外的life with qmail了，hehe
现在大约讲讲我的安装过程:
如果系统运行着sendmail就要把sendmail的守护进程杀掉，然后抓了qmail1.03.tar.gz,ucspi-tcp-0.88.tar.gz,daemontools-0.70.tar.gz这三个包，把他们扔/usr/local/src下面解压开，然后要建一些必要的目录
cd qmail-1.03
mkdir /var/qmail
ln -s /usr/man /var/qmail/man
mkdir /etc/qmail
ln -s /etc/qmail /var/qmail/control
ln -s /usr/sbin /var/qmail/bin
接着建安装qmail需要的组和用户:
groupadd nofiles
useradd alias -g nofiles -d /var/qmail/alias -s /nonexistent
useradd qmaild -g nofiles -d /var/qmail -s /nonexistent
useradd qmaill -g nofiles -d /var/qmail -s /nonexistent
useradd qmailp -g nofiles -d /var/qmail -s /nonexistent
groupadd qmail
useradd qmailq -g qmail -d /var/qmail -s /nonexistent
useradd qmailr -g qmail -d /var/qmail -s /nonexistent
useradd qmails -g qmail -d /var/qmail -s /nonexistent
然后开始编译qmail:
make setup check
接着就配置域名了(这个需要你的机器域名能在dns上找到):
./config(如果确定域名没错，也可以用./config-fast hostname.domainname)
然后要编译ucspi-tcp:
进入刚才ucspi-tcp解开的目录，执行:
make
make setup check
接着编译daemontools,也是进入解压的目录，执行
make
make setup check
下来就开始写一些qmail执行必须的脚本了，先是
vi /var/qmail/rc
脚本内容是：
#!/bin/sh
# Using stdout for logging
# Using control/defaultdelivery from qmail-local to deliver messages by default
exec env - PATH="/var/qmail/bin:$PATH"
qmail-start "`cat /var/qmail/control/defaultdelivery`"
最后
chmod 755 /var/qmail/rc
echo ./Maildir/ >/var/qmail/control/defaultdelivery(我用的是Maildir)
然后就是log文件了:
mkdir /var/log/qmail
mkdir -p /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/log
mkdir -p /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/log
chmod +t /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send
chmod +t /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd
建立/var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/run文件,内容为：
#!/bin/sh
exec /var/qmail/rc
建立/var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/log/run文件，内容为:
#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/local/bin/setuidgid qmaill /usr/local/bin/multilog t /var/log/qmail
建立/var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/run文件，内容:
#!/bin/sh
QMAILDUID=`id -u qmaild`
NOFILESGID=`id -g qmaild`
MAXSMTPD=`cat /var/qmail/control/concurrencyincoming`
exec /usr/local/bin/softlimit -m 2000000
/usr/local/bin/tcpserver -v -p -x /etc/tcp.smtp.cdb
-c "$MAXSMTPD" -u "$QMAILDUID" -g "$NOFILESGID" 0 smtp /var/qmail/bin/qmail-smtpd 2>&1
建立/var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/log/run文件，内容:
#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/local/bin/setuidgid qmaill /usr/local/bin/multilog t /var/log/qmail/smtpd
把以上四个run文件chmod 755
然后执行:
echo 20 > /var/qmail/control/concurrencyincoming
chmod 644 /var/qmail/control/concurrencyincoming
来建立qmail必须的concurrencyincoming文件
同时建立标准的log目录:
mkdir -p /var/log/qmail/smtpd
chown qmaill /var/log/qmail /var/log/qmail/smtpd
最关键的一步是建立qmail控制脚本,建立/etc/rc.d/init.d/qmail这个文件，内容:
脚本的HELP那块有些折行，尽量把他们弄一行.
#!/bin/sh
PATH=/var/qmail/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
export PATH
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting qmail: svscan"
cd /var/qmail/supervise
env - PATH="$PATH" svscan &
echo $! > /var/run/svscan.pid
echo "."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping qmail: svscan"
kill `cat /var/run/svscan.pid`
echo -n " qmail"
svc -dx /var/qmail/supervise/*
echo -n " logging"
svc -dx /var/qmail/supervise/*/log
echo "."
;;
stat)
cd /var/qmail/supervise
svstat * */log
;;
doqueue|alrm)
echo "Sending ALRM signal to qmail-send."
svc -a /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send
;;
queue)
qmail-qstat
qmail-qread
;;
reload|hup)
echo "Sending HUP signal to qmail-send."
svc -h /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send
;;
pause)
echo "Pausing qmail-send"
svc -p /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send
echo "Pausing qmail-smtpd"
svc -p /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd
;;
cont)
echo "Continuing qmail-send"
svc -c /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send
echo "Continuing qmail-smtpd"
svc -c /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd
;;
restart)
echo "Restarting qmail:"
echo "* Stopping qmail-smtpd."
svc -d /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd
echo "* Sending qmail-send SIGTERM and restarting."
svc -t /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send
echo "* Restarting qmail-smtpd."
svc -u /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd
;;
cdb)
tcprules /etc/tcp.smtp.cdb /etc/tcp.smtp.tmp < /etc/tcp.smtp
chmod 644 /etc/tcp.smtp*
echo "Reloaded /etc/tcp.smtp."
;;
help)
cat < stop -- stops mail service (smtp connections refused, nothing goesout)
start -- starts mail service (smtp connection accepted, mail cangoout)
pause -- temporarily stops mail service (connections accepted,nothing leaves)
cont -- continues paused mail service
stat -- displays status of mail service
cdb -- rebuild the tcpserver cdb file for smtp
restart -- stops and restarts smtp, sends qmail-send a TERM &restarts it
doqueue -- sends qmail-send ALRM, sche易做图ng queued messages fordelivery
reload -- sends qmail-send HUP, rereading locals and virtualdomains
queue -- shows status of queue
alrm -- same as doqueue
hup -- same as reload
HELP
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|doqueue|reload|stat|pause|cont|cdb|queue|help}"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
然后建立软连接让各个启动级别能不同的需要使用qmail控制脚本
ln -s qmail /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K30qmail
ln -s qmail /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/K30qmail
ln -s qmail /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/S80qmail
ln -s qmail /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S80qmail
ln -s qmail /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S80qmail
ln -s qmail /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S80qmail
ln -s qmail /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K30qmail
然后就要建立qmail的访问控制文件了,执行
ec
