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RH9下APACHE+TOMCAT4+MYSQL4组建WEB服务器

RH9下APACHE+TOMCAT4+MYSQL4组建科威WEB服务器

  下载相应的源代码:apache1,tomcat4,mysql,apr.jdk

  1,安装MYSQL4数据库:

  #tar –zxvf mysql-4.tar.gz

  #groupadd mysql

  #useradd -g mysql mysql

  #cd mysql-4

  #./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql

  #make;make install

  #scripts/mysql_install_db

  #chown -R root /usr/local/mysql

  #chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var

  #chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql

  #cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

  #/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

  #/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

  -->show databases;

  -->exit;

  #/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password your_new_password

  MYSQL安装已经完成

  2,安装APACHE1服务器:

  #tar -zxvf apache1.tar.gz

  #cd apache1

  #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=so

  #make;make install

  #vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

  servername:yourip

  保存并退出

  3安装TOMCAT4

  (1)安装JDK

  #cd /usr/local

  #sh jdk-1.2.2-RC4-linux-i386-glibc-2.1.2.sh

  #ln –s jdk-1.2.2 /usr/local/jdk

  #ln –s jdk-1.2.2 /usr/local/jre

  (2)设置TOMCAT运行环境

  #vi /root/.bash_profile

  在此文件后加入下面

  JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk

  export JAVA_HOME

  CLASSPATH=/usr/local/jdk/lib:/usr/local/jre/lib

  export CLASSPATH

  CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat

  export CATALINA_HOME

  PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk/bin:/usr/local/jre/bin

  保存并退出

  (3)安装TOMCAT4

  #tar –zxvf jakarta-tomcat4.tar.gz

  #mv jakarta-tomat tomcat

  a.测试TOMCAT运行情况

  #lynx localhost:8080

  b.生成mod_webapp.so

  #tar -zxvf jakarta-tomcat.connnerts-src.tar.gz

  #tar -zxvf apr_APACHE_2.0.35.tar.gz

  #mv -r apr /usr/local/tomcat.connerts-src/webapp/

  #cd /usr/local/tomcat.connerts-src/webapp/

  #support/buildconf.sh

  #./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs

  #make

  4.联合APACHE1+TOMCAT4

  #cp apache-1.3/mod_webapp.so /usr/local/apache/libexec/

  #vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

  修改

  DirectoryIndex index.jsp index.html

  Options Indexes MultiViews  Options MultiViews

  加入

  LoadModule webapp_module libexec/mod_webapp.so

  WebAppConnection warpConnection warp localhost:8008

  WebAppDeploy examples warpConnection /examples/

  WebAppInfo /webapp-info

  保存并退出

  #/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl configtest

  Syntax OK

  #/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

  #/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples/index.jsp

  #vi /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples/index.jsp

  2 + 2 = <%= 2 + 2 %>

  保存并退出

  #chmod 755 /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples/index.jsp

  #nohup /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

  5.测试

  打开浏览器键入http://localhost/examples/ 如出现

  2+2=4

  即联合成功。

  6.创建mysql,apache,tomcat自启动

  #vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

  /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

  /usr/local/tcstart.sh

  保存并退出

  #touch /etc/init.d/tomcat

  #chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tomcat

  #useradd -d /usr/local/ tomcat

  #vi /etc/init.d/tomcat

  #!/bin/bash

  #

  # tomcat Starts Tomcat Java server.

  #

  #

  # chkconfig: 345 88 12

  # description: Tomcat is the server for Java servlet applications.

  ### BEGIN INIT INFO

  # Provides: $tomcat

  ### END INIT INFO

  # Source function library.

  . /etc/init.d/functions

  [ -f /usr/local/tcstart.sh ] || exit 0

  [ -f /usr/local/tcstop.sh ] || exit 0

  RETVAL=0

  umask 077

  start() {

  echo -n $"Starting Tomcat Java server: "

  daemon su -c /usr/local/tcstart.sh tomcat

  echo

  return $RETVAL

  }

  stop() {

  echo -n $"Shutting down Tomcat Java server: "

  daemon su -c /usr/local/tcstop.sh tomcat

  echo

  return $RETVAL

  }

  restart() {

  stop

  start

  }

  case "$1" in

  start)

  start

  ;;

  stop)

  stop

  ;;

  restart|reload)

  restart

  ;;

  *)

  echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"

  exit 1

  esac

  exit $?

  保存并退出

  #touch /usr/local/tcstart.sh

  #!/bin/bash

  export JDK_HOME=/usr/local/jsdk

  export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jsdk

  #startup tomcat server

  /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

  保存并退出

  #chmod 755 /usr/local/tcstart.sh

  7.创建安全的科威WEB运行环境

  (1).阻止你的系统响应任何从外部/内部来的ping请求

  #vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

  echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all

  (2).减少系统CPU占有量和由于误操作导致系统重启

  #vi /etc/inittab

  id:3:initdefault:

  # Run gettys in standard runlevels

  1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1

  2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2

  #3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3

  #4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4

  #5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5

  #6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6

  #ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now

  保存并退出

  (3). 删除不必要的拥护和组

  #userdel –r username

  adm,lp,sync,shutdown,halt,mail,procmail,mailx,news,uucp,operator,games,gopher,ftp

  #groupdel groupname

  adm,lp,sync,shutdown,halt,mail,procmail,mailx,news,uucp,operator,games,gopher,ftp

  (4). 创建ftp账户

  #groupadd su

  #useradd –g su –d /usr/local/apache/htdocs webserver

  (5). 用chattr命令给下面的文件加上不可更改属性。

  [root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/passwd

  [root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/shadow

  [root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/group

  [root@deep]# chattr +i /etc/gshadow

  (6).禁止任何人(非法)通过su命令改变为root用户

  #vi /etc/pam.d/su

  auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_rootok.so debug

  auth required /lib/security/pam_wheel.so group=sul

  保存并退出

  这样之后,只有su组成员可以改变为root用户

  (7).资源限制防止DoS类型攻击

  #vi /etc/security/limits.conf

  在这个文件后加入下面

  * hard core 0

  * hard rss 5000

  * hard nproc 20

  保存并退出

  #vi /etc/pam.d/login
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