Oracle 11g Undo表空间切换
--1、查看实例当前所用 undo 表空间及 undo 相关参数
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 86400
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS2
--2、新建 undo 表空间
create undo tablespace UNDOTBS3 datafile
'+DATA/hxcx/datafile/undotbs3_01.dbf' size 30G autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited,
'+DATA/hxcx/datafile/undotbs3_02.dbf' size 30G autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited;
create undo tablespace UNDOTBS3 datafile
'+DATA/hxcx/datafile/undotbs1_03.dbf' size 30G autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited,
'+DATA/hxcx/datafile/undotbs1_04.dbf' size 30G autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited;
--3、切换实例当前的 undo 表空间
SQL> alter system set undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS3;
System altered.
[54526538] **** active transactions found in undo Tablespace 4 - moved to Pending Switch-Out state.
[54526538] active transactions found/affinity dissolution incompletein undo tablespace 4 during switch-out.
ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS3' SCOPE=BOTH;
Mon Jun 03 09:49:53 2013
[43385080] Undo Tablespace 4 successfully switched out.
-- alert.log 表明切换时当前undo tablespace 中还存在正在进行的事物（所以做切换的时候最好在无事务进行）
--4、查看 undo 表空间切换是否生效
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 86400
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS3
SQL>
--新切换的 undo 表空间 UNDOTBS3 的混滚段应该是 online 状态
set linesize 200
select SEGMENT_NAME,OWNER,TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS from dba_rollback_segs where tablespace_name = 'UNDOTBS3';
--因为undo_retention 的原因，无法立即删除原 undo 表空间，只能等待原 undo 表空间的回滚段全部变为 offline 后才能删除。
--可以在任何时间新建 undo 表空间，切换实例的当前 undo 表空间，但是只有等到原有 undo 表空间中的回滚段全部 offline 后才能删除。
--可以通过修改 undo_retention 让原 undo 表空间的状态切换变快
set linesize 200
select SEGMENT_NAME,OWNER,TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS from dba_rollback_segs where tablespace_name = 'UNDOTBS1' and status = 'OFFLINE';
select count(*) from dba_rollback_segs where tablespace_name = 'UNDOTBS1' and status = 'ONLINE';
--输出应该为 0
--5、当确定原 undo 表空间回滚段全部 offline 后，将该表空间置为 offline
alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 offline;
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME,STATUS,CONTENTS from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name = 'UNDOTBS2';
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS CONTENTS
------------------------------ --------- ---------
UNDOTBS2 ONLINE UNDO
--6、删除原有 undo 表空间极其数据文件
drop tablespace UNDOTBS1 including contents and datafiles;
alter tablespace rename UNDOTBS3 to UNDOTBS1;
alter system set undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS2;
SQL> alter system set undo_retention=900;
System altered.
