android蓝牙开发 蓝牙设备的查找和连接
Android对于蓝牙开发从2.0版本的sdk才开始支持,而且模拟器不支持,测试至少需要两部手机,所以制约了很多技术人员的开发。
1. 首先,要操作蓝牙,先要在AndroidManifest.xml里加入权限
// 管理蓝牙设备的权限
<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
// 使用蓝牙设备的权限
<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
2.打开蓝牙
获得蓝牙适配器(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter),检查该设备是否支持蓝牙,如果支持,就打开蓝牙。
[java]
// 检查设备是否支持蓝牙
adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (adapter == null)
{
// 设备不支持蓝牙
}
// 打开蓝牙
if (!adapter.isEnabled())
{
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
// 设置蓝牙可见性,最多300秒
intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
context.startActivity(intent);
}
// 检查设备是否支持蓝牙
adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (adapter == null)
{
// 设备不支持蓝牙
}
// 打开蓝牙
if (!adapter.isEnabled())
{
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
// 设置蓝牙可见性,最多300秒
intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
context.startActivity(intent);
}
3.获取已配对的蓝牙设备(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice)
首次连接某蓝牙设备需要先配对,一旦配对成功,该设备的信息会被保存,以后连接时无需再配对,所以已配对的设备不一定是能连接的。
[java]
BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices();
for(int i=0; i<devices.size(); i++)
{
BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice) devices.iterator().next();
System.out.println(device.getName());
}
BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices();
for(int i=0; i<devices.size(); i++)
{
BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice) devices.iterator().next();
System.out.println(device.getName());
}
4.搜索周围的蓝牙设备
适配器搜索蓝牙设备后将结果以广播形式传出去,所以需要自定义一个继承广播的类,在onReceive方法中获得并处理蓝牙设备的搜索结果。
[java]
// 设置广播信息过滤
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
// 注册广播接收器,接收并处理搜索结果
context.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);
// 寻找蓝牙设备,android会将查找到的设备以广播形式发出去
adapter.startDiscovery();
// 设置广播信息过滤
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
// 注册广播接收器,接收并处理搜索结果
context.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);
// 寻找蓝牙设备,android会将查找到的设备以广播形式发出去
adapter.startDiscovery(); 自定义广播类
[java]
private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
System.out.println(device.getName());
}
}
}
private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
System.out.println(device.getName());
}
}
}
5.蓝牙设备的配对和状态监视
[java]
private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// 获取查找到的蓝牙设备
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
System.out.println(device.getName());
// 如果查找到的设备符合要连接的设备,处理
&n
补充:移动开发 , Android ,