LINQ - Deferred execution

/*
Author: Jiangong SUN
*/
Deferred Execution is used in LINQ, and it means the query is not executed when declaring it; but when calling it.
If you return IQueryable or IEnumerable in your query, the query will not be executed immediately, it will be executed only when you iterate its elements.
But if you return operations on IQueryable or IEnumerable like .ToList(), Count() etc, it will be executed immediately.
 
Let's see some examples:
 
        public void EnumerableCustomers()
        {
            int id = 10;
            //differed execution: when query returns IEnumerable or IQueryable
            var query = from c in Context.Customers
                        where c.CustomerId > id
                        select c;
            id = 20; //this value is finally used because it's the latest value
            Console.WriteLine("Query result:");
            //return customer names whose id is larger than 20
            foreach (var customer in query)
                Console.WriteLine(customer.CustomerName);
        }
 
        private void EnumerableCustomers2()
        {
            int id2 = 10;
            //immediate execution: when query doesn't return IEnumerable or IQueryable
            var query2 = (from c in Context.Customers
                          where c.CustomerId > id2
                          select c).ToList();
            id2 = 20; //this value is not used in this case
            Console.WriteLine("Query2 result:");
            //return customer names whose id is large than 10
            foreach (var customer in query2)
                Console.WriteLine(customer.CustomerName);
        }
 
I hope this article can do help to you! Enjoy coding!
 
references:
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/charlie/archive/2007/12/09/deferred-execution.aspx
early binding, late binding:
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/cburrows/archive/2008/10/27/c-dynamic.aspx

补充：软件开发 , C# ,