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Oracle数据库自动备份的实现历程

问题描述:

  Oracle自动备份脚本的实现。

  错误提示1:

  Message file RMAN.msb not found

  Verify that Oracle_HOME is set properly

  。。。。。。

  错误原因:

  自动执行的不能够识别相应的命令,需要在自动备份脚本中显式的声明Oracle的环境变量。

  错误提示2:

  standard in must be a tty

  。。。。。。

  错误原因:

  不能在cron使用su或者管道等操作,必须将su命令移动到相关的shell脚本中。

  错误提示3:

  


  
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Argument     Value          Description

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

  target quoted-string connect-string for target database

  catalog quoted-string connect-string for recovery catalog

  nocatalog none if specified, then no recovery catalog

  cmdfile quoted-string name of input command file

  log quoted-string name of output message log file

  trace quoted-string name of output debugging message log file

  append none if specified, log is opened in append mode

  debug optional-args activate debugging

  msgno none show RMAN-nnnn prefix for all messages

  send quoted-string send a command to the media manager

  pipe string building block for pipe names

  timeout integer number of seconds to wait for pipe input

  checksyntax none check the command file for syntax errors

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Both single and double quotes (" or ") are accepted for a quoted-string.

  Quotes are not required unless the string contains embedded white-space.

  RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

  RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

  RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

  RMAN-00556: could not open CMDFILE "backup_ar.rcv"

  。。。。。。


  


  


  错误原因:

  需要在cmdfile中指明绝对路径,不能因为shell脚本调用的cmdfile是在同一个目录下就可以直接使用文件名或者直接使用./

  正确示例代码:

  1、#cron文件

  0 12,18 * * * /home/Oracle/bak_sh/backup_ar.sh

  #表示每天12,18点对数据库归档日至进行全备份

  2、入口shell文件,文件名:backup_ar.sh

  


  
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export Oracle_HOME=/home/u01/app/Oracle/Oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

  export Oracle_SID=test

  export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

  /home/u01/app/Oracle/Oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/rman cmdfile = backup_ar.rcv


  


  


  3、rman备份脚本

  


  
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connect target /

  connect catalog rman/rman@rman

  run{

  allocate channel d1 device type disk;

  sql "alter system archive log current";

  backup archivelog all delete input

  format "/opt/rmanback/full_%u_%p_%c.ac" filesperset = 3;

  release channel d1;

  }


  


  


  解决方法:

  1、两种办法

  一是用root的crontab,*/2 * * * * a.sh --》su - Oracle -c a.sh

  一是在a.sh里加上Oracle的环境。

  2、我们做的cron测试:

  实例:

  Vi /etc/cron.minly/new.sh

  内容:

  Su ? Oracle ?c “/home/Oracle/mginfo.sh”

  Vi /home/Oracle/mginfo.sh

  内容:

  Exp mginfotech/mginfotech file=mginfotech.dmp log=mginfotech.log

  Vi /etc/crontab

  内容:

  59 23 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.minly

  每晚23:59分钟执行

  cron中无法读取环境变量

  在shell中显示地export环境变量

  export Oracle_HOME=/opt/ora9/product/9.2

  export Oracle_SID=Oracle

  export NLS_LANG=xxxxx

  然后再试

  (t116)

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