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ant安装与使用

ant是jakarta一个非常好的OpenSource子项目,是基于java的编译工具。下面简单介绍一下在linux环境中如何安装ant:

  1.下载
  从 http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi 可以下载最新的tar包:apache-ant-1.6.2.tar.gz,如果是windows环境则是zip文件,解压后,在系统环境变量里设置 ANT_HOME为f:project oolsapache-ant-1.6.2,并将f:project oolsapache- ant-1.6.2in目录添加到classpath中,然后就可以使用了

  2./l安装,解压到/usrocal下
> tar zxpvf apache-ant-1.6.2.tar.gz
> ln -s apache-ant-1.6.2 ant

  3.设置环境
  将ANT_HOME设置到当前用户的.bash_profile文件/home/admin/.bash_profile

[admin@tangtang home]$ su - admin
[admin@tangtang home]$ vi .bash_profile
export ANT_HOME=/usr/local/ant
export PATH=/usr/local/ant/bin:$PATH

  如果是windows环境,需要设置%ANT_HOME%,并把%ANT_HOME%in目录全路径加入到%path%中

  4.测试
  用ant命令测试运行情况
[admin@tangtang home]$ ant
Buildfile: build.xml does not exist!
Build failed

[admin@tangtang home]$ ant -version
Apache Ant version 1.6.2 compiled on July 16 2004

  若出现这样的错误:Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/tools/ant/launch/Launcher
  这是linux系统默认安装了一些ant的lib,修改 /etc/ant.conf中 ANT_HOME=/usr/share/ant 为你正确安装ant的地址,如 /usr/local/ant

  5、build脚本
  如果是在linux环境中,下面是build脚本的一个范例:

#build脚本
#! /bin/sh
# 进入到上级目录
cd `dirname $0`/..
# 获取当前目录为PROJECT_HOME
PROJECT_HOME=`pwd`
# 设置JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/cyber/java
# 得到CLASSPATH
CLASSPATH1=$CLASSPATH
# 添加CLASSPATH
CLASSPATH=${PROJECT_HOME}webappsWEB-INFconf:${PROJECT_HOME}webapps
WEB-INFclasses:$CLASSPATH
# ant build,-buildfile 参数,是使用自定义的build.xml文件,$@是参数数组
/usr/local/ant/bin/ant -buildfile ${PROJECT_HOME}/build/build.xml "$@"
# build脚本结束

  如果是在windows环境中,下面是build.bat脚本的一个范例:
# build.bat 
# 关闭echo显示
@echo off
# 设置%JAVA_HOME%
if "%JAVA_HOME%"=="" set JAVA_HOME=f: oolsjava
# 设置%ANT_HOME%
if "%ANT_HOME%"=="" set ANT_HOME=f: oolsant
# 设置PROJECT_HOME
set PROJECT_HOME = %CD%..
set CLASSPATH_BAK=%CLASSPATH%
set CLASSPATH=
# 执行build
%ANT_HOME%inant.bat -buildfile ..uilduild.xml %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9

  6、build配置文件
  在${PROJECT_HOME}/build目录下面,需要定义两个文件,一个是build.properties,一个是build.xml
  build.properties文件定义了build的一些常量
# build.properties
project = tangtang
version = 1.1.1
# 采用classic编译,即采用ant编译
build.compiler = classic
# 采用jikes编译
#build.compiler = jikes

year = 2004
debug = on
optimize = on
deprecation = on

os = linux
author = tangtang
email = syvin_tom@hotmail.com
url = www.tangtang.org
company = tangtang.org

  build.xml文件是ant编译的主要配置文件,ant功能强大,需要通过相应的配置项来表现。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>

<!-- Build file for project -->

<project name="cyber" default="jar" basedir=".">
<property file="${user.home}/.ant.properties" />
<!-- ant build properties -->
<property file="build.properties"/>

<property name="build.dir" value=".."/>
<property name="build.src" value="${build.dir}/webapps/WEB-INF/src/java"/>
<property name="build.dest" value="${build.dir}/webapps/WEB-INF/classes"/>
<property name="build.lib" value="${build.dir}/webapps/WEB-INF/lib"/>
<property name="build.ext" value="./lib"/>
<property name="build.tpl" value="${build.dir}/webapps/WEB-INF/templates"/>
<property name="build.encoding" value="gb2312"/>

<property name="src.java.dir" value="../src/java"/>
<property name="javadoc.destdir" value="../docs/api"/>
<property name="javadoc.link" value="http://www.tangtang.org/java/docs/api/"/>
<property name="final.name" value="${project}-${version}"/>
<property name="dist.root" value="${build.dir}/dist"/>
<property name="dist.dir" value="${dist.root}/${final.name}"/>

<path id="classpath">
<pathelement path="${java.class.path}/"/>
<fileset dir="${build.lib}">
<include name="*.jar"/>
</fileset>
<fileset dir="${build.ext}">
<include name="*.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>

<property name="classpath" refid="classpath"/>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- prints the environment -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="env">
<echo message="build.compiler = ${build.compiler}"/>
<echo message="java.home = ${java.home}"/>
<echo message="user.home = ${user.home}"/>
<!--echo message="java.class.path = ${java.class.path}"/-->
<echo message="classpath = ${classpath}"/>
</target>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Prepares the build directory -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="prepare" depends="env">

<tstamp/>
<filter token="year" value="${year}"/>
<filter token="version" value="${version}"/>
<filter token="date" value="${DSTAMP}"/>
<!--
<mkdir dir="${build.dir}"/>
<mkdir dir="${build.dest}"/>
<mkdir dir="${build.src}"/>
-->
<!-- chose a class thats from j2ee.
补充:软件开发 , Java ,
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