[每日一题] 11gOCP 1z0-053 :2013-10-14 普通文件损的最佳恢复步骤
正确答案C
这题简单，主要考在归档模式下，有备份，一个非关键性的文件坏了的恢复过程。
答案A不正确，看上面的错误提示，数据库在重启时，报11号文件不能打开，说明这个文件已损坏或丢失了，库都打不开了，怎么重建这个表空间呢？
答案B不正确，少了最后一步recover恢复命令。
答案C正确。实验演示：
（1） rman全库备份
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[oracle@mydb ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Oct 15 23:15:42 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: OCM (DBID=2206937749)
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 15-OCT-13
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=149 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/gyj01.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/tp2.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/gyj02.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/tp01.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/mrkt01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 15-OCT-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 15-OCT-13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/1eomgj63_1_1 tag=TAG20131015T231619 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
Finished backup at 15-OCT-13
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 15-OCT-13
piece handle=/backup/rman/c-2206937749-20131015-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 15-OCT-13
（2） 删除数据文件
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[oracle@mydb ~]$ rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/gyj02.dbf
（3） 数据库关闭
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RMAN> shutdown abort;
Oracle instance shut down
（4） 数据库重启报错
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RMAN> startup
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 10/15/2013 23:25:52
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 7 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 7: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/gyj02.dbf'
（5） 开始还原7号文件
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RMAN> restore datafile 7;
Starting restore at 15-OCT-13
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=134 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/gyj02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/1eomgj63_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/1eomgj63_1_1 tag=TAG20131015T231619
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 15-OCT-13
（6） 开始恢复7号文件
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RMAN> recover datafile 7;
Starting recover at 15-OCT-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 15-OCT-13
（7） 正常打开数据库
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RMAN> alter database open;
database opened
答案D不正确，在归档模式下，某一个文件坏了，归档日志、在线重做日志都是好的，那做完全恢复就可以了，做完全恢复，只要还原那一个损坏的文件和恢复它就Ok了，无须还原全部数据文件和恢复全部文件。
