答案:1. 查看表的具体情况
查看是不是分区表,有多少个分区、分区字段:
SQL> col table_name for a20
SQL> col column_name for a20
SQL> select a.table_name,a.partitioned,b.partition_count,c.column_name
2 from user_tables a, user_part_tables b, user_part_key_columns c
3 where a.table_name="STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER"
4 and b.table_name="STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER"
5 and c.name="STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER";
TABLE_NAME PAR PARTITION_COUNT COLUMN_NAME
-------------------- --- --------------- --------------------
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER YES 50 MSGDATE
查看已使用的每个分区的大小:
SQL> select segment_name,partition_name,round(bytes/1024/1024) from user_segments
where segment_name ="STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER" and bytes/1024/1024>0.25 order by 3 desc;
SEGMENT_NAME PARTITION_NAME
SEGMENT_NAME PARTITION_NAME ROUND(BYTES/1024/1024)
-------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------------
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051101 1722
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051021 1488
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051111 1440
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051121 1355
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051221 1335
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20050911 1309
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051211 1253
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051201 1247
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20050921 1198
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20060101 1151
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20060111 1068
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051001 1018
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20051011 865
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER_20060121 796
14 rows selected.
查看整个表的大小:
SQL> select segment_name,sum(bytes/1024/1024) from user_segments
where segment_name ="STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER" group by segment_name;
SEGMENT_NAME
SEGMENT_NAME SUM(BYTES/1024/1024)
-------------------------------- --------------------
STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER 17234
查看表的记录数:
SQL> set timing on
SQL> select count(*) from STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER;
COUNT(*)
----------
170341007
Elapsed: 00:14:18.60
查看这个表上的索引情况如下:
table STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER 17234 M
index IDX_SUBCEN_ADDRUSER 5155 M ADDRUSER
PK_STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER 10653 M MSGDATE,ADDRUSER,MSGID
然后,查看一些数据库参数情况:
SQL> show parameter work
NAME TYPE VALUE
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
workarea_size_policy string AUTO
SQL> show parameter pga
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
pga_aggregate_target big integer 209715200
SQL> select * from dba_temp_files;
FILE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES BLOCKS STATUS RELATIVE_FNO AUT MAXBYTES MAXBLOCKS
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- --------- ------------ --- ---------- ----------
INCREMENT_BY USER_BYTES USER_BLOCKS
------------ ---------- -----------
/bgdata/oracle/temp01.dbf
1 TEMP 3563061248 434944 AVAILABLE 1 YES 4294967296 5242886400 3562012672 434816
2. 需要考虑的几个方面
1)创建的索引需要几个G的磁盘空间。
2)创建索引需要排序,使用pga_aggregate_target,要把这个值从200M加大到2G。
3)如果内存不够,需要temp表空间,则要把temp表空间加大到8G――itpub上有一个帖子说过,15亿条记录用了34G空间。
4)在线创建,时间会比较长。讨论后,停止这个表的操作,非online创建。
3. 实际操作过程
1)数据文件够,不扩展;temp数据文件扩展:
alter database tempfile "/bgdata/oracle/temp01.dbf" resize 8192m;
2)在workarea_size_policy=AUTO的情况下,改pga_aggregate_target=2048m。对于串行操作,一个session能使用的pga=MIN(5%PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET,100MB),这样可以使得pga用到最大的值:
alter system set pga_aggregate_target=2048m;
3)因为这是一个比较长的过程,所以写脚本让后台运行:
nohup time createind.sh &
vi createind.sh
#!/bin/sh
sqlplus user/password <
create index IDX_SUBMIT_RECORDTIME on STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER(RECORDTIME) local;
exit
EOF
4)创建过程中可以观察v$sort_segment,v$sort_usage看排序情况:
nohup time createind.sh &
vi createind.sh
#!/bin/sh
sqlplus user/password <
create index IDX_SUBMIT_RECORDTIME on STAT_SUBMIT_CENTER(RECORDTIME) local;
exit
EOF
5)创建完成后,把tempfile和pga_aggregate_target改回原值:
alter database tempfile "/bgdata/oracle/temp01.dbf" resize 4096m;
alter system set pga_aggregate_target=500m;
4. 实际创建过程中观察到的情况
1)开始之前:
SQL> select tablespace_name,current_users,total_blocks,used_blocks,free_blocks from v$sort_segment;
TABLESPACE_NAME CURRENT_USERS TOTAL_BLOCKS USED_BLOCKS FREE_BLOCKS
------------------------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- -----------
TEMP 0 431360 0 431360
SQL> select * from v$sort_usage;
no rows selected
2)创建之初,抓到这么一条sql:
insert into obj$(owner#,name,namespace,obj#,type#,ctime,mtime,st
ime,status,remoteowner,linkname,subname,dataobj#,flags,oid$,spar
e1,spare2)values(:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6,:7,:8,:9,:10,:11,:12,:13,:14,
:15,:16, :17)
3)然后v$sort_segment.USED_BLOCKS变大,v$sort_usage.BLOCKS变大,一直增长到:
SQL> select tablespace_name,current_users,total_blocks,used_blocks,free_blocks from v$sort_segment;
TABLESPACE_NAME CURRENT_USERS TOTAL_BLOCKS USED_BLOCKS FREE_BLOCKS
------------------------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- -----------
TEMP 1 431360
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