oracle insert into语法

基本上，我们有两种作法可以将资料输入表格中内。一种是一次输入一笔，另一种是一次输入好几笔。我们先来看一次输入一笔的方式。

依照惯例，我们先介绍语法。一次输入一笔资料的语法如下：

INSERT INTO "表格名" ("栏位1", "栏位2", ...)
VALUES ("值1", "值2", ...)

实例

SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5    Start_Date         DATE,
6    End_Date           DATE,
7    Salary             Number(8,2),
8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /

Table created.

SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,       Description)
2               values ('01','Jason',    'Martin', to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56, 'Toronto', 'Programmer')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,       Description)
2                values('02','Alison',   'Mathews', to_date('19760321','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19860221','YYYYMMDD'), 6661.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,       Description)
2                values('03','James',    'Smith',   to_date('19781212','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19900315','YYYYMMDD'), 6544.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,       Description)
2                values('04','Celia',    'Rice',    to_date('19821024','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19990421','YYYYMMDD'), 2344.78, 'Vancouver','Manager')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,       Description)
2                values('05','Robert',   'Black',   to_date('19840115','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980808','YYYYMMDD'), 2334.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
2                values('06','Linda',    'Green',   to_date('19870730','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19960104','YYYYMMDD'), 4322.78,'New York', 'Tester')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
2                values('07','David',    'Larry',   to_date('19901231','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980212','YYYYMMDD'), 7897.78,'New York', 'Manager')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
2                values('08','James',    'Cat',     to_date('19960917','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20020415','YYYYMMDD'), 1232.78,'Vancouver', 'Tester')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /

ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver Tester

实例二

SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5    Start_Date         DATE,
6    End_Date           DATE,
7    Salary             Number(8,2),
8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /

Table created.

SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee
2               values ('01','Jason',    'Martin', to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56, 'Toronto', 'Programmer')
3 /

1 row created.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /

ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer

插入指定值

SQL> CREATE TABLE myTable (
2       name VARCHAR2(25) NOT NULL,
3       price NUMBER(4,2) NOT NULL,
4       start_date DATE);

Table created.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO myTable (name, price) VALUES ('Product Name 2', 2.5);

1 row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO myTable (name, price) VALUES ('Product Name 3', 50.75);

1 row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO myTable (price, name) VALUES (99.99, 'Product Name 4');

1 row created.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT * FROM myTable;

NAME                           PRICE START_DAT
------------------------- ---------- ---------
Product Name 2                   2.5
Product Name 3                 50.75
Product Name 4                 99.99

补充：数据库,Oracle教程