ORA-00845 ORACLE11G常见的shm问题

问题报错过程

srv-bioradb:~> sqlplus / as sysdba


SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Jul 25 18:27:45 2013


Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to an idle instance.


SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> show sga;
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

上网google发现是shm设置太小的问题

重新设置shm

1）卸载shm，遭遇报错

srv-bioradb:~> df -h
df: `/root/.gvfs': Permission denied
Filesystem                       Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/system-lv_root       358G  8.5G  331G   3% /
devtmpfs                         127G  624K  127G   1% /dev
tmpfs                            195G  932K  195G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1                1.6G  106M  1.4G   8% /boot
/dev/mapper/data-lv_data         2.3T  1.8T  364G  84% /oracle
/dev/mapper/oraclevg-oraclelv01  2.9T  201M  2.7T   1% /oracle1
srv-bioradb:~> more /etc/fstab
/dev/system/lv_swap  swap                 swap       defaults              0 0
/dev/system/lv_root  /                    ext3       acl,user_xattr        1 1
/dev/disk/by-id/cciss-3600508b1001c59983f902a5494c7d076-part1 /boot
   ext3       acl,user_xattr        1 2
#/dev/data/lv_data    /oracle_bk           ext3       acl,user_xattr        1 2
/dev/data/lv_data    /oracle              ext3       defaults              0 0
proc                 /proc                proc       defaults              0 0
sysfs                /sys                 sysfs      noauto                0 0
debugfs              /sys/kernel/debug    debugfs    noauto                0 0
usbfs                /proc/bus/usb        usbfs      noauto                0 0
devpts               /dev/pts             devpts     mode=0620,gid=5       0 0


#/dev/mapper/oraclevg-oraclelv01  /oracle           ext3  defaults         0 0
#/dev/mapper/oraclevg-oraclelv02  /oracle/oradata2  ext3  defaults         0 0
srv-bioradb:~>
srv-bioradb:~>
srv-bioradb:~> umount /dev/shm
umount: /dev/shm is not in the fstab (and you are not root)
srv-bioradb:~> exit
exit






srv-bioradb:~ #
srv-bioradb:~ # umount /dev/shm
umount: /dev/shm: device is busy.
        (In some cases useful info about processes that use
         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
srv-bioradb:~ #

2）查看谁在使用shm，踢掉

srv-bioradb:~ # fuser -cu /dev/shm
/dev/shm:            12555m(root) 12614m(root) 12622m(root)
srv-bioradb:~ # ps -ef | grep 12555
root     12555     1  0 Jul24 ?        00:00:05 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon
root     43817 43683  0 18:36 pts/2    00:00:00 grep 12555
srv-bioradb:~ # ps -ef | grep  12614
root     12614 12445  0 Jul24 ?        00:00:00 gnome-volume-control-applet
root     43819 43683  0 18:37 pts/2    00:00:00 grep 12614
srv-bioradb:~ # ps -ef | grep  12622
root     12622     1  0 Jul24 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start
root     43821 43683  0 18:37 pts/2    00:00:00 grep 12622
srv-bioradb:~ # kill -9  12555
srv-bioradb:~ # kill -9 12614
srv-bioradb:~ # kill -9 12622

这里啰嗦一下，查找到的进程必须ps一下看看具体是什么进程在占用shm文件系统，如果是应用程序占用，退出程序。如果是僵死进程或不重要的shell终端，直接kill即可

3）再次卸载shm

srv-bioradb:~ #
srv-bioradb:~ # umount /dev/shm
srv-bioradb:~ #


srv-bioradb:~ # df -h
Filesystem                       Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/system-lv_root       358G  8.5G  331G   3% /
devtmpfs                         127G  624K  127G   1% /dev
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1                1.6G  106M  1.4G   8% /boot
/dev/mapper/data-lv_data         2.3T  1.8T  364G  84% /oracle
/dev/mapper/oraclevg-oraclelv01  2.9T  201M  2.7T   1% /oracle1
srv-bioradb:~ #

4）重新设置shm大小

srv-bioradb:~ # vi /etc/fstab


SQL> host more /etc/fstab
/dev/system/lv_swap  swap                 swap       defaults              0 0
/dev/system/lv_root  /                    ext3       acl,user_xattr        1 1
/dev/disk/by-id/cciss-3600508b1001c59983f902a5494c7d076-part1 /boot
   ext3       acl,user_xattr        1 2
#/dev/data/lv_data    /oracle_bk           ext3       acl,user_xattr        1 2
/dev/data/lv_data    /oracle              ext3       defaults              0 0
proc                 /proc                proc       defaults              0 0
sysfs                /sys                 sysfs      noauto                0 0
debugfs              /sys/kernel/debug    debugfs    noauto                0 0
usbfs                /proc/bus/usb        usbfs      noauto                0 0
devpts               /dev/pts             devpts     mode=0620,gid=5       0 0
tmpfs                /dev/shm             tmpfs      defaults,size=256G    0 0
#/dev/mapper/oraclevg-oraclelv01  /oracle           ext3  defaults         0 0
#/dev/mapper/oraclevg-oraclelv02  /oracle/oradata2  ext3  defaults         0 0


srv-bioradb:~ # mount /dev/shm


srv-bioradb:~ # df -h
Filesystem                       Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/system-lv_root       358G  8.5G  331G   3% /
devtmpfs                         127G  624K  127G   1% /dev
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1                1.6G  106M  1.4G   8% /boot
/dev/mapper/data-lv_data         2.3T  1.8T  364G  84% /oracle
/dev/mapper/oraclevg-oraclelv01  2.9T  201M  2.7T   1% /oracle1
tmpfs                            256G     0  256G   0% /dev/shm
srv-bioradb:~ #
srv-bioradb:~ #
srv-bioradb:~ #

启动oracle，不再报错，问题解决

srv-bioradb:~ # whoami
root
srv-bioradb:~ # su - oracle
srv-bioradb:~> sqlplus / as sysdba


SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Jul 25 18:46:06 2013


Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to an idle instance.


SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area 2.1913E+11 bytes
Fixed Size                  2241384 bytes
Variable Size            1.0469E+11 bytes
Database Buffers         1.1435E+11 bytes
Redo Buffers               88821760 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>