android openGL 3D纹理真机空白
最近刚刚接手公司的3D luncher开发，在使用openGL的纹理给形状贴图的时候，遇到了模拟器正常，但是真机上始终是一片空白，都快崩溃了，也在网上收集了很多资料如：图片尺寸修改为2的N次方，图片资源文件夹取名为drawable-nodpi，buffer采用ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(arry.length * 4)等，均无法显示，请高手解答，代码如下：主要代码：
一、模型：Polygon
public class Polygon {
private Context context;
private float edgeWidth;
private float edgeHeight;
// 每一个平面的顶点索引
private ByteBuffer[] indexBuffer;
// 每一个平面的顶点坐标
private FloatBuffer[] faceVertexBuffer;
private static final float U = (float) (Math.sqrt(3.0) / 2);
private static final float S = 0.15f;
public static final int FACENUM = 6;
// 每一个平面的顶点坐标的二维数组
private float[][] faceVertices;
// 保存每一个平面的顶点索引的二维数组
private byte[][] indies = {
new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2 },
new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2 },
new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2 },
new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2 },
new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2 },
new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2 }
};
private TextureUtil textureUtil;
private int[] textures;
private FloatBuffer[] textureBuffer;
public Polygon(Context context, float edgeWidth, float edgeHeight) {
this.context = context;
this.edgeWidth = edgeWidth;
this.edgeHeight = edgeHeight;
}
public void init(GL10 gl) {
float tx = 0.5f * this.edgeWidth, tx1 = -(1.0f + U * S) * this.edgeWidth, tx2 = -(0.5f + U * S) * this.edgeWidth, tx4 = -(U + S / 2) * this.edgeWidth ;
float ty = 1.0f * this.edgeHeight;
float tu = -(U + S) * this.edgeWidth, tu1 = -(S / 2) * this.edgeWidth, tu2 = (U + S) * this.edgeWidth;
faceVertices = new float[][] {
{
-tx, -ty, tu,
tx, -ty, tu,
-tx, ty, tu,
tx, ty, tu
},
{
tx1, -ty, tu1,
tx2, -ty,
tx4, tx1,
ty, tu1, tx2,
ty, tx4
},
{
-tx2, -ty, tx4,
-tx1, -ty, tu1,
-tx2, ty, tx4,
-tx1, ty, tu1
},
{
-tx2, -ty, -tx4,
-tx1, -ty, -tu1,
-tx2, ty, -tx4,
-tx1, ty, -tu1
},
{// 7
-tx, -ty, tu2,
tx, -ty, tu2,
-tx, ty, tu2,
tx, ty, tu2
},
{// 8
tx2, -ty, -tx4,
tx1, -ty, -tu1,
tx2, ty, -tx4,
tx1, ty, -tu1
}
};
faceVertexBuffer = new FloatBuffer[FACENUM];
for (int i = 0; i < faceVertices.length; i++) {
faceVertexBuffer[i] = (FloatBuffer) BufferUtil.arrayToBuffer(faceVertices[i]);
}
indexBuffer = new ByteBuffer[FACENUM];
for (int i = 0; i < indies.length; i++) {
indexBuffer[i] = (ByteBuffer) BufferUtil.arrayToBuffer(indies[i]);
}
textureUtil = new TextureUtil(FACENUM);
textures = textureUtil.loadTexture(gl, context);
textureBuffer = textureUtil.getTextureBuffer();
}
public void draw(GL10 gl) {
for (int i = 0; i < FACENUM; i++) {
int txtr = textures[i];
FloatBuffer fcVtx = faceVertexBuffer[i];
FloatBuffer txtrBf = textureBuffer[i];
int len = indies[i].length;
ByteBuffer bb = indexBuffer[i];
// 生成一个纹理引用，并把它和当前的数组绑定
gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, txtr);
// 设置顶点
gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, fcVtx);
// 设置纹理顶点坐标
gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, txtrBf);
// 绘制平面（openGL绘图时是按照顶点索引数组定义的顺序，按照每次绘制一个三角形的方式进行绘制的）
gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, len, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bb);
}
}
}
二、view的Render类：
public class GLRender implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
private Polygon polygon;
public float mAngleX;
public float mAngleY;
private boolean keyLF;
private boolean keyUD;
private float xSpeed;
private float xStep = 1.0f;
private float yStep = 6.0f;
private float ySpeed;
private int aminTimes = 0;
public GLRender(Context context) {
this.polygon = new Polygon(context, 4.2f, 1.0f);
}
private void antiAliased(GL10 gl) {
gl.glPointSize(8);
gl.glLineWidth(5);
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_POINT_SMOOTH);
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_LINE_SMOOTH);
gl.glHint(GL10.GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST);
gl.glHint(GL10.GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST);
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_BLEND);
gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
}
@Override
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
// 清除屏幕和深度缓存
gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
gl.glTexEnvx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL10.GL_MODULATE);
// 重置当前的模型观察矩阵
gl.glLoadIdentity();
// 并移入屏幕 6.0
gl.glTranslatef(0f, 0.0f, -6.0f);
// 设置定点数组
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
// 纹理的使用与开启颜色渲染一样，需要开启纹理功能
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
// 设置旋转
gl.glRotatef(mAngleX, 1, 0, 0);
gl.glRotatef(mAngleY, 0, 1, 0);
// 按照顺时针方向绘制
gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CW);
// 绘制开始
this.polygon.draw(gl);
// 绘制结束
gl.glFinish();
// 取消顶点数组
gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
// 取消纹理坐标的权限
gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
if (aminTimes < 10) {
if (keyLF) {
mAngleY += ySpeed;
}
aminTimes++;
} else {
keyLF = false;
float step = yStep * aminTimes;
float rmnd = (mAngleY % step) / step;
if (rmnd != 0.0f) {
mAngleY = Math.round(mAngleY / step) * step;
}
}
if (keyUD) {
mAngleX += xSpeed;
} else {
if (mAngleX > 0) {
mAngleX -= 1.0f;
}
if (mAngleX < 0) {
mAngleX += 1.0f;
}
}
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
float ratio = (float) width / height;
// 设置OpenGL场景的大小
gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
// 设置投影矩阵
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
// 重置投影矩阵
gl.glLoadIdentity();
// 设置视口的大小
gl.glFrustumf(-ratio, ratio, -1, 1, 1, 10);
// 选择模型观察矩阵
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
// 重置模型观察矩阵
gl.glLoadIdentity();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
// 黑色背景
gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
// 启用阴影平滑
gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);
// 启用深度测试
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
// 设置深度缓存
gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);
// 所作深度测试的类型
gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);
// 消除锯齿设置
antiAliased(gl);
// 告诉系统对透视进行修正
gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_FASTEST);
// 允许2D贴图
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
// 开启混合模式
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_BLEND);
gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_ONE, GL10.GL_SRC_COLOR);
// 线形滤波
gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
// 设置和绘制正方形
this.polygon.init(gl);
}
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_UP:
keyUD = true;
aminTimes = 0;
if (ySpeed != 0) {
ySpeed = 0;
}
xSpeed = -xStep;
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN:
keyUD = true;
aminTimes = 0;
if (ySpeed != 0) {
ySpeed = 0;
}
xSpeed = xStep;
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT:
keyLF = true;
aminTimes = 0;
if (xSpeed != 0) {
xSpeed = 0;
}
ySpeed = -yStep;
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT:
keyLF = true;
aminTimes = 0;
if (xSpeed != 0) {
xSpeed = 0;
}
ySpeed = yStep;
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER:
// light = !light;
break;
}
return false;
}
public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if (keyUD) {
keyUD = false;
}
return false;
}
} --------------------编程问答-------------------- 由于类容超长，工具类如下：
三、纹理的工具类：
public class TextureUtil {
private int faceNum;
// 保存纹理的FloatBuffer
private FloatBuffer[] textureBuffer;
// 保存纹理顶点坐标的数组
private float[][] textureVertexArry = {
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f },
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f } };
public void setTextureVertexArry(float[][] textureArry) {
this.textureVertexArry = textureArry;
}
public void setImagesArry(int[] imagesArry) {
this.imagesArry = imagesArry;
}
public FloatBuffer[] getTextureBuffer() {
return textureBuffer;
}
// 贴图数组
private int[] imagesArry = {
R.drawable.view_01,
R.drawable.view_02,
R.drawable.view_03,
R.drawable.view_04,
R.drawable.view_05,
R.drawable.view_06
};
public TextureUtil(int faceNum) {
this.faceNum = faceNum;
this.init();
}
public void init() {
textureBuffer = new FloatBuffer[faceNum];
for (int i = 0; i < faceNum; i++) {
textureBuffer[i] = (FloatBuffer) BufferUtil.arrayToBuffer(textureVertexArry[i]);
}
}
/**
* 加载和绑定纹理
*
* @param gl
* @param context
* @param index
*/
public int[] loadTexture(GL10 gl, Context context) {
int[] textures = new int[faceNum];
// 创建纹理
gl.glGenTextures(faceNum, textures, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < faceNum; i++) {
// 加载位图
Bitmap bitmap = loadBitmap(context, imagesArry[i]);
// 设置要使用的纹理
gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textures[i]);
// 生成纹理
GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, bitmap, 0);
// 回收位图
bitmap.recycle();
}
return textures;
}
/**
* 加载位图
*
* @param context
* @param resourceid
* @return
*/
public Bitmap loadBitmap(Context context, int resourceid) {
InputStream is = context.getResources().openRawResource(resourceid);
try {
// BitmapFactory is an Android graphics utility for images
return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
}
finally {
// Always clear and close
try {
is.close();
is = null;
}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
小弟是新手，望高手指点迷津，不甚感激，谢谢！ --------------------编程问答-------------------- 这两天我也在学习opengl,看了看你的代码，不知道你解决了这个问题没有，你应该把GLRender中onSurfaceChanged()方法中的
// 线形滤波
gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
放在TextureUtil类中loadTexture()方法
// 设置要使用的纹理
gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textures[i]);
下面 --------------------编程问答-------------------- 是onSurfaceCreated中的线形滤波 --------------------编程问答-------------------- 我也遇到类似问题. 并不是所有设备都空白,目前发现一款联想机器空白.没找到解决方案.不知楼主解决没有.
补充：移动开发 , Android
