Android调用WebService
WebService是一种基于SOAP协议的远程调用标准,通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台、不同语言、不同技术整合到一块。在Android SDK中并没有提供调用WebService的库,因此,需要使用第三方的SDK来调用WebService。PC版本的WEbservice客户端库非常丰富,例如Axis2,CXF等,但这些开发包对于Android系统过于庞大,也未必很容易移植到Android系统中。因此,这些开发包并不是在我们的考虑范围内。适合手机的WebService客户端的SDK有一些,比较常用的有Ksoap2,可以从http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/downloads/list进行下载;将下载的ksoap2-android-assembly-2.4-jar-with-dependencies.jar包复制到Eclipse工程的lib目录中,当然也可以放在其他的目录里。同时在Eclipse工程中引用这个jar包。
具体调用调用webservice的方法为:
(1) 指定webservice的命名空间和调用的方法名,如:
SoapObject request =new SoapObject(http://service,”getName”);
SoapObject类的第一个参数表示WebService的命名空间,可以从WSDL文档中找到WebService的命名空间。第二个参数表示要调用的WebService方法名。
(2) 设置调用方法的参数值,如果没有参数,可以省略,设置方法的参数值的代码如下:
Request.addProperty(“param1”,”value”);
Request.addProperty(“param2”,”value”);
要注意的是,addProperty方法的第1个参数虽然表示调用方法的参数名,但该参数值并不一定与服务端的WebService类中的方法参数名一致,只要设置参数的顺序一致即可。
(3) 生成调用Webservice方法的SOAP请求信息。该信息由SoapSerializationEnvelope对象描述,代码为:
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
Envelope.bodyOut = request;
创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象时需要通过SoapSerializationEnvelope类的构造方法设置SOAP协议的版本号。该版本号需要根据服务端WebService的版本号设置。在创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象后,不要忘了设置SOAPSoapSerializationEnvelope类的bodyOut属性,该属性的值就是在第一步创建的SoapObject对象。
(4) 创建HttpTransportsSE对象。通过HttpTransportsSE类的构造方法可以指定WebService的WSDL文档的URL:
HttpTransportSE ht=new HttpTransportSE(“http://192.168.18.17:80
/axis2/service/SearchNewsService?wsdl”);
(5)使用call方法调用WebService方法,代码:
ht.call(null,envelope);
Call方法的第一个参数一般为null,第2个参数就是在第3步创建的SoapSerializationEnvelope对象。
(6)使用getResponse方法获得WebService方法的返回结果,代码:
SoapObject soapObject =( SoapObject) envelope.getResponse();
以下为简单的实现一个天气查看功能的例子:
public class WebService extends Activity {
private static final String NAMESPACE = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
// WebService地址
private static String URL = "http://www.webxml.com.cn/
webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
private static final String METHOD_NAME = "getWeatherbyCityName";
private static String SOAP_ACTION = "http://WebXml.com.cn/
getWeatherbyCityName";private String weatherToday;
private Button okButton;
private SoapObject detail;@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
okButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.ok);okButton.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
showWeather();
}
});
}private void showWeather() {
String city = "武汉";
getWeather(city);
}@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public void getWeather(String cityName) {
try {
System.out.println("rpc------");
SoapObject rpc = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME);
System.out.println("rpc" + rpc);
System.out.println("cityName is " + cityName);
rpc.addProperty("theCityName", cityName);AndroidHttpTransport ht = new AndroidHttpTransport(URL);
ht.debug = true;SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut = rpc;
envelope.dotNet = true;
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(rpc);ht.call(SOAP_ACTION, envelope);
SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
detail = (SoapObject) result
.getProperty("getWeatherbyCityNameResult");System.out.println("result" + result);
System.out.println("detail" + detail);
Toast.makeText(WebService.this, detail.toString(),
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
parseWeather(detail);return;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}private void parseWeather(SoapObject detail)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String date = detail.getProperty(6).toString();
weatherToday = "今天:" + date.split(" ")[0];
weatherToday = weatherToday + " 天气:" + date.split(" ")[1];
weatherToday = weatherToday + " 气温:"
+ detail.getProperty(5).toString();
weatherToday = weatherToday + " 风力:"
+ detail.getProperty(7).toString() + " ";
System.out.println("weatherToday is " + weatherToday);
Toast.makeText(WebService.this, weatherToday,
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();}
}
补充:移动开发 , Android ,