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python的map和zip操作

如果要将一个string list转换成int list (list里每个string都转成int),比如
[python]  
['0','1','2'] -> [0,1,2]  
 
可以使用:
[python]   
[int(x) for x in list]  
 
或者使用map操作: map(func, list) 对list里的每个元素apply func.
[python]  
map(int, list)  
 
假设有一个2维数组(用list实现):
[python]  
list = [[0,1,2],[3,1,4]]  
 
如果要得到每行之和,可以用以下两种方式:
[python]  
>>> list = [[0,1,2],[3,1,4]]  
>>> [sum(x) for x in list]  
[3, 8]  
>>> map(sum,list)  
[3, 8]  
 
如果要得到每列之和,需要用zip(*list)先unzip list,得到一个元组list,其中第i个元组包含了每行的第i个元素:
[python]  
>>> list = [[0,1,2],[3,1,4]]  
>>> zip(*list)  
[(0, 3), (1, 1), (2, 4)]  
>>> [sum(x) for x in zip(*list)]  
[3, 2, 6]  
>>> map(sum,zip(*list))  
[3, 2, 6]  
 
下面的例子是关于zip和unzip(其实是zip和*一起用)如何work的:
[python] 
>>> x=[1,2,3]  
>>> y=[4,5,6]  
>>> zipped = zip(x,y)  
>>> zipped  
[(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)]  
>>> x2,y2=zip(*zipped)  
>>> x2  
(1, 2, 3)  
>>> y2  
(4, 5, 6)  
>>> x3,y3=map(list,zip(*zipped))  
>>> x3  
[1, 2, 3]  
>>> y3  
[4, 5, 6]  
 
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