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ping的C++代码及释义

如题了，释义希望是中文的，俺不想自己翻译
是给别人赶作业用的，希望高人帮忙了
追问：这东西我也搜到了，就是那些微微纠结的英文，因为专业英文不好翻译
人家要的就是汉语的……
答案：
#include "winsock2i.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
#pragma pack(4)
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define ICMP_ECHO 8
#define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0

#define ICMP_MIN 8 // minimum 8 byte icmp packet (just header)

/* The IP header */
typedef struct iphdr 
{
unsigned int h_len:4; // length of the header
unsigned int version:4; // Version of IP
unsigned char tos; // Type of service
unsigned short total_len; // total length of the packet
unsigned short ident; // unique identifier
unsigned short frag_and_flags; // flags
unsigned char ttl;
unsigned char proto; // protocol (TCP, UDP etc)
unsigned short checksum; // IP checksum
unsigned int sourceIP;
unsigned int destIP;
}IpHeader;
// ICMP header
typedef struct _ihdr 
{
BYTE i_type;
BYTE i_code; /* type sub code */
USHORT i_cksum;
USHORT i_id;
USHORT i_seq;
/* This is not the std header, but we reserve space for time */
ULONG timestamp;
}IcmpHeader;

#define STATUS_FAILED 0xFFFF
#define DEF_PACKET_SIZE 32
#define MAX_PACKET 1024

#define xmalloc(s) HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,(s))
#define xfree(p) HeapFree (GetProcessHeap(),0,(p))
//The response is an IP packet. We must decode the IP header to locate the ICMP data
void decode_response(char* buf, int bytes, struct sockaddr_in* from) 
{ 
IpHeader *iphdr;
IcmpHeader *icmphdr;
unsigned short iphdrlen;
iphdr = (IpHeader *)buf;
iphdrlen = iphdr->h_len * 4 ; // number of 32-bit words *4 = bytes
if (bytes < iphdrlen + ICMP_MIN) 
{ 
   printf("Too few bytes from %s\n",inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 
}
icmphdr = (IcmpHeader*)(buf + iphdrlen);
if (icmphdr->i_type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY)
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"non-echo type %d recvd\n",icmphdr->i_type); 
   return; 
}
if (icmphdr->i_id != (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId()) 
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"someone else's packet!\n"); 
   return; 
}
printf("%d bytes from %s:",bytes, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
printf(" icmp_seq = %d. ",icmphdr->i_seq);
printf(" time: %d ms ",GetTickCount()-icmphdr->timestamp);
printf("\n"); 
}
USHORT checksum(USHORT *buffer, int size) 
{ 
unsigned long cksum=0;
while(size > 1) 
{ 
   cksum+=*buffer++; 
   size -=sizeof(USHORT); 
}

if(size ) 
{ 
   cksum += *(UCHAR*)buffer; 
}
cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff);
cksum += (cksum >>16);
return (USHORT)(~cksum); 
}

//Helper function to fill in various stuff in our ICMP request. 
void fill_icmp_data(char* icmp_data, int datasize)
{ 
IcmpHeader *icmp_hdr;
char* datapart;
icmp_hdr = (IcmpHeader*)icmp_data;
icmp_hdr->i_type = ICMP_ECHO;
icmp_hdr->i_code = 0;
icmp_hdr->i_id = (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId();
icmp_hdr->i_cksum = 0;
icmp_hdr->i_seq = 0;
datapart = icmp_data + sizeof(IcmpHeader);
// Place some junk in the buffer. 
memset(datapart,'E', datasize - sizeof(IcmpHeader)); 
}
void Usage(char *progname)
{ 
fprintf(stderr,"Usage:\n");
fprintf(stderr,"%s [data_size]\n",progname);
fprintf(stderr,"datasize can be up to 1Kb\n");
ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{ 
WSADATA wsaData;
SOCKET sockRaw;
struct sockaddr_in dest;
struct sockaddr_in from;
struct hostent* hp;
int bread,datasize;
int fromlen = sizeof(from);
int timeout = 1000;
char* dest_ip;
char* icmp_data;
char* recvbuf;
unsigned int addr=0;
USHORT seq_no = 0;
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,1),&wsaData) != 0)
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"WSAStartup failed: %d\n",GetLastError());
   ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
}
if (argc < 2) 
{ 
   Usage(argv[0]); 
}
sockRaw = WSASocket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP, NULL, 0, 0);
if (sockRaw == INVALID_SOCKET) 
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"WSASocket() failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
   ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
}
bread = setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout));
if(bread == SOCKET_ERROR) 
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"failed to set recv timeout: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
   ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
}
timeout = 1000;
bread = setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char*)&timeout, sizeof(timeout));
if(bread == SOCKET_ERROR) 
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"failed to set send timeout: %d\n",WSAGetLastError()); 
   ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
}
memset(&dest,0,sizeof(dest));
hp = gethostbyname(argv[1]);

if (!hp)
{ 
   addr = inet_addr(argv[1]); 
}
if ((!hp) && (addr == INADDR_NONE) ) 
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"Unable to resolve %s\n",argv[1]); 
   ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
}
if (hp != NULL) 
   memcpy(&(dest.sin_addr),hp->h_addr,hp->h_length); 
else 
   dest.sin_addr.s_addr = addr;

if (hp) 
   dest.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; 
else 
   dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
dest_ip = inet_ntoa(dest.sin_addr); 

if (argc > 2) 
{ 
   datasize = atoi(argv[2]); 
   if (datasize == 0) 
    datasize = DEF_PACKET_SIZE; 
} 
else 
   datasize = DEF_PACKET_SIZE;
datasize += sizeof(IcmpHeader);
icmp_data = (char*)malloc(MAX_PACKET);
recvbuf = (char*)malloc(MAX_PACKET);

if (!icmp_data) 
{ 
   fprintf(stderr,"HeapAlloc failed %d\n",GetLastError());
   ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
}
memset(icmp_data,0,MAX_PACKET);
fill_icmp_data(icmp_data,datasize);
while(1) 
{ 
   ((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_cksum = 0;
   ((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->timestamp = GetTickCount();
   ((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_seq = seq_no++;
   ((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_cksum = checksum((USHORT*)icmp_data, datasize);
   int bwrote = sendto(sockRaw,icmp_data,datasize,0,(struct sockaddr*)&dest, sizeof(dest));
   if (bwrote == SOCKET_ERROR)
   { 
    if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT)
    { 
     printf("timed out\n"); 
     continue; 
    }
    fprintf(stderr,"sendto failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
    ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
   }
   if (bwrote < datasize )
   { 
    fprintf(stdout,"Wrote %d bytes\n",bwrote); 
   }
   bread = recvfrom(sockRaw,recvbuf, MAX_PACKET, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&from, &fromlen);
   if (bread == SOCKET_ERROR)
   { 
    if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT) 
    { 
     printf("timed out\n"); 
     continue; 
    }
    fprintf(stderr,"recvfrom failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError());
    ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED);
   }
   decode_response(recvbuf, bread, &from);
   Sleep(1000); 
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