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一道c++编程题(继承与派生)

1.  Date类如下

class Date

{

private:

int year,month,day;

public:

Date(int year=1990,int month=1,int day=1);

Date(Date &r);

void Print();

};

Date::Date(int year,int month,int day)

{

this->year=year;

this->month=month;

this->day=day;

}

Date::Date(Date &r)

{

year=r.year;

month=r.month;

day=r.day;

}

void Date::Print()

{

cout<<year<<'-'<<month<<'-'<<day<<endl;

}

2. 在上面的工程中添加Person类,包括姓名name(字符数组,包括结束符最长20字符),性别gender(字符),生日birthday(Date类对象),人数统计变量count(静态),自行设计成员函数,保证满足以下测试要求(在main函数中调用Test1函数):

void Test1()

{

    Person p1,p2("zhang",'f',Date(1991,1,1)),p3(p2);

    p3.Print();//输出: “姓名:zhang;性别: 女;生日:1991-1-1;

    cout<<”收支为:”<<p3.GetCashFlow()<<”元”<<endl; //输出:0元

    Person *p=new Person("li",'m',Date(1990,2,2));//创建堆对象(调用有参构造)

    p>Print();//输出堆对象基本信息

    delete p;//释放堆对象

    }

 

3. 从Person类以public方式派生Student类,添加学号stuId,就读时间(年)stuDuration每年学费tuition(固定为5000元),自行设计成员函数,要求满足以下测试要求:

void Test2()

{

   

    Student s1,s2("zhang",'m',Date(1992,1,1),1001);

   

    s2.Print(); //输出如下:

    //姓名:zhang; 性别: 男; 生日:1992-1-1;

    //学号:1001; 就读时间:0年

   

    cout<<endl;

    s2.SetDuration(2);

    s2.Print();

    //姓名:zhang; 性别: 男; 生日:1992-1-1;

    //学号:1001; 就读时间:2年

 

    cout<<endl<<"学费支出"<<s2.GetCashFlow()<<"元"<<endl;

    //学费支出:10000元

   

    Student *p=new Student; //堆对象创建(调用无参构造)

    delete p;//释放堆对象

}

4. main函数如下:

void main(){

Test1();//测试Person类

Test2();//测试Student类

}

 

答案:#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Date
{
private:
 int year,month,day;
public:
 Date(int year=1990,int month=1,int day=1);
 Date(Date &r);
 void Print();
};

Date::Date(int year,int month,int day)
{
 this->year=year;
 this->month=month;
 this->day=day;
}

Date::Date(Date &r)
{
 year=r.year;
 month=r.month;
 day=r.day;
}

void Date::Print()
{
 cout<<year<<'-'<<month<<'-'<<day<<endl;
}


class Person
{
public:
 Person(void);
 Person(const char* _name,const char _易做图, Date _bir);
 Person(const Person& per);    //复制(拷贝)构造函数
 Person(const Person* per);    //复制(拷贝)构造函数
 Person& operator=(const Person& per); //重载赋值运算符
 Person& operator=(const Person* per); //重载赋值运算符
 virtual ~Person(void);
 virtual void Print(void);
protected:
 char* name;   //姓名
 char gender;  //性别
 Date birthday;  //生日
 int cash;   //收支
 static int count;

public:
 virtual int GetCashFlow()
 {
  return cash;
 }
 virtual void SetCashFlow(int _cash)
 {
  cash=_cash;
 }

 char* GetName()
 {
  return name;
 }

 void SetName(char* _name)
 {
  
  memset(name,0x00,sizeof(char)*20);
  strcpy_s(name,strlen(_name)+1,_name);
 }

 char GetGender()
 {
  return gender;
 }
 
 void SetGender(char _gender)
 {
  gender=_gender;
 }

 Date GetBirthday()
 {
  return birthday;
 }

 void SetBirthday(Date _bir)
 {
  birthday=_bir;
 }

 int GetCash()
 {
  return cash;
 }

 void SetCash(unsigned int _cash)
 {
  cash=_cash;
 }
};

int Person::count =0;

Person::Person ():gender('-'),cash(0)
{
 name = new char[20];
 memset(name,0x00,sizeof(char)*20);
}

Person::Person (const Person& per)
{
 name = new char[20];
 memset(name,0x00,sizeof(char)*20);
 strcpy_s(name,strlen(per.name)+1,per.name );
 this->gender = per.gender ;
 this->birthday = per.birthday ;
 this->cash = per.cash ;
}

Person::Person (const Person* per)
{
 name = new char[20];
 memset(name,0x00,sizeof(char)*20);
 strcpy_s(name,strlen(per->name)+1,per->name );
 this->gender = per->gender ;
 this->birthday =per->birthday ;
 this->cash = per->cash ;
}

Person::Person(const char* _name,const char _易做图, Date _bir)
{
 name = new char[20];
 memset(name,0x00,sizeof(char)*20);
 strcpy_s(name,strlen(_name)+1,_name );
 gender=static_cast<char>(_易做图);
 birthday=_bir;
 cash=0;
}

Person& Person::operator =(const Person &per)
{
 if(&per==this)
 {
  return *this;
 }
 else
 {
  delete name;
  name = new char[20];
  memset(name,0x00,sizeof(char)*20);
  strcpy_s(name,strlen(per.name )+1,per.name );
  this->gender = per.gender ;
  this->birthday = per.birthday ;
  this->cash= per.cash ;
  return *this;
 }
}

Person& Person::operator =(const Person *per)
{
 if(per==this)
 {
  return *this;
 }
 else
 {
  delete name;
  name = new char[20];
  memset(name,0x00,sizeof(char)*20);
  strcpy_s(name,strlen(per->name)+1,per->name);
  this->gender = per->gender ;
  this->birthday = per->birthday ;
  this->cash = per->cash ;
  return *this;
 }
}

Person::~Person()
{
 if(name!=NULL)
 {
  delete name;
 }
}

void Person::Print()
{
 cout<<endl;
 wcout<<"姓名:"<<name<<" 性别:"<<gender<<" 生日:";
 birthday.Print();
}

class Student:public Person
{
public:
 Student(void);
 Student(const char* _name,const char _易做图,Date _bir,int _stuid);
 Student(const Student& stu);
 Student(const Student* stu);
 Student& operator=(const Student& stu);
 Student& operator=(const Student* stu);
 void Print(void);
 ~Student(void);
private:
 int stuId;       //学号
 unsigned int stuDuration;   //学长
 const unsigned int tuition;   //学费
 
public:
 void SetDuration(unsigned int _dur)
 {
  stuDuration=_dur;
 }

 unsigned int GetDuration()
 {
  return stuDuration;
 }

 int GetCashFlow()
 {
  return tuition*stuDuration;
 }

 void SetStuId(int stuid)
 {
  stuId=stuid;
 }

 int GetStuId()
 {
  return stuId;
 }

 unsigned int GetTuition()
 {
  return tuition;
 }
};

Student::Student():tuition(5000),stuId(-1),stuDuration(0)
{

}

Student::Student(const char *_name, const char _易做图, Date _bir, int _stuid):Person(_name,_易做图,_bir),tuition(5000),stuId(_stuid),stuDuration(0)
{

}

Student::Student (const Student& stu):Person(stu),tuition(stu.tuition)
{
 stuId=stu.stuId ;
 stuDuration= stu.stuDuration ;
}

Student::Student(const Student* stu):Person(stu),tuition(stu->tuition)
{
 stuId=stu->stuId ;
 stuDuration= stu->stuDuration ;
}

Student& Student::operator =(const Student &stu)
{
 if(&stu==this)
 {
  return *this;
 }
 else
 {
  this->Person::operator =(stu);
  this->stuId = stu.stuId ;
  this->stuDuration=stu.stuDuration ;
  //this->tuition = stu.tuition ; //const 修饰,所有实例其属性值一样,不用且无法复制
  return *this;
 }
}

Student& Student::operator =(const Student *stu)
{
 if(stu==this)
 {
  return *this;
 }
 else
 {
  this->Person::operator =(stu);
  this->stuId = stu->stuId ;
  this->stuDuration=stu->stuDuration ;
  return *this;
 }

}

void Student::Print()
{
 cout<<endl;
 Person::Print();
 cout<<"学号:"<<stuId<<" 就读时间:"<<stuDuration<<"年"<<endl;
}

Student::~Student()
{

}

void Test1()
{
    Person p1,p2("zhang",'f',Date(1991,1,1)),p3(p2);
    p3.Print();          //输出: “姓名:zhang;性别: 女;生日:1991-1-1;
    cout<<"收支为:"<<p3.GetCashFlow()<<"元"<<endl; //输出:0元
    Person *p=new Person("li",'m',Date(1990,2,2)); //创建堆对象(调用有参构造)
    p->Print();&

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