C++ string中find() ，rfind() 等函数 用法总结及示例
string中 find()的应用 （rfind() 类似，只是从反向查找）
原型如下：
（1）size_t find (const string& str, size_t pos = 0) const; //查找对象--string类对象
（2）size_t find (const char* s, size_t pos = 0) const; //查找对象--字符串
（3）size_t find (const char* s, size_t pos, size_t n) const; //查找对象--字符串的前n个字符
（4）size_t find (char c, size_t pos = 0) const; //查找对象--字符
结果：找到 -- 返回 第一个字符的索引
没找到--返回 string::npos
示例：
[cpp]
#include <iostream> // std::cout
#include <string> // std::string
int main ()
{
std::string str ("There are two needles in this haystack with needles.");
std::string str2 ("needle");
// different member versions of find in the same order as above:
std::size_t found = str.find(str2);
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "first 'needle' found at: " << found << '\n';
found=str.find("needles are small",found+1,6);
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "second 'needle' found at: " << found << '\n';
found=str.find("haystack");
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "'haystack' also found at: " << found << '\n';
found=str.find('.');
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "Period found at: " << found << '\n';
// let's replace the first needle:
str.replace(str.find(str2),str2.length(),"preposition"); //replace 用法
std::cout << str << '\n';
return 0;
}
#include <iostream> // std::cout
#include <string> // std::string
int main ()
{
std::string str ("There are two needles in this haystack with needles.");
std::string str2 ("needle");
// different member versions of find in the same order as above:
std::size_t found = str.find(str2);
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "first 'needle' found at: " << found << '\n';
found=str.find("needles are small",found+1,6);
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "second 'needle' found at: " << found << '\n';
found=str.find("haystack");
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "'haystack' also found at: " << found << '\n';
found=str.find('.');
if (found!=std::string::npos)
std::cout << "Period found at: " << found << '\n';
// let's replace the first needle:
str.replace(str.find(str2),str2.length(),"preposition"); //replace 用法
std::cout << str << '\n';
return 0;
}
结果：
first 'needle' found at: 14
second 'needle' found at: 44
'haystack' also found at: 30
Period found at: 51
There are two prepositions in this haystack with needles
其他还有 find_first_of(), find_last_of(), find_first_not_of(), find_last_not_of()
作用是查找 字符串中 任一个字符 满足的查找条件
string snake1("cobra");
int where = snake1.find_first_of("hark");
返回3 因为 "hark"中 各一个字符 在 snake1--cobra 中第一次出现的是 字符'r'（3为 cobra 中'r'的索引）
同理：
int where = snake1.find_last_of("hark");
返回4 因为 "hark"中 各一个字符 在 snake1--cobra 中最后一次出现的是 字符'a'（3为 cobra 中'r'的索引）
其他同理
补充：软件开发 , C++ ,
